69 lines
2.1 KiB
Python
69 lines
2.1 KiB
Python
LAPSE_RATE_DRY = 9.8 / 1000 # degrees C per km
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LAPSE_RATE_MOIST = 4.0 / 1000
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def kelvin(c: float) -> float:
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return 273.15 + c
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def vapor_pressure(dewpoint: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the pressure of vapor in a parcel of a given dewpoint.
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"""
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return 6.11 * 10 ** ((7.5 * dewpoint) / (237.3 + dewpoint))
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def saturated_vapor_pressure(temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the pressure at which the vapor and condensation of a parcel of a
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given temperature are at equilibrium.
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"""
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return 6.11 * 10 ** ((7.5 * temp) / (237.3 + temp))
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def mixing_ratio(dewpoint: float, pressure: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the amount, in kilograms, of water vapor versus dry air in a parcel
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of a given dewpoint and pressure.
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"""
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e = vapor_pressure(dewpoint)
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return (0.62197 * e) / (pressure - e)
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def saturated_mixing_ratio(temp: float, pressure: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the maximum amount, in kilograms, of water vapor a parcel of a
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given temperature and pressure can hold.
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"""
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es = saturated_vapor_pressure(temp)
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return (0.62197 * es) / (pressure - es)
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def lcl(temp: float, dewpoint: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the height, in meters, at which a parcel of the given temperature
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is cooled to the given dewpoint.
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"""
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return (temp - dewpoint) / 0.008
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def pressure_height(pressure: float) -> float:
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"""
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Return the approximate altitude, in meters, for a given pressure in
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millibar.
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"""
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return (1 - (pressure / 1013.25) ** 0.190284) * 145366.45 * 0.3048
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def lapse(temp: float, delta: float, rate=LAPSE_RATE_DRY) -> float:
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"""
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Return the temperature of a parcel cooled at the dry lapse rate for a
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given increase in height (in meters).
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"""
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return temp - (rate * delta)
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def moist_lapse_rate(temp: float, dewpoint: float, pressure: float) -> float:
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g = 9.8076
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Hv = 2501000
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Rsd = 287
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Rsw = 461.5
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Cpd = 1003.5
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r = saturated_mixing_ratio(dewpoint, pressure)
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T = kelvin(temp)
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return g * (1 + (Hv * r) / (Rsd * T)) \
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/ (Cpd + (((Hv**2) * r) / (Rsw * (T**2))))
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