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<div class="section" id="forecast-model-vertical-sounding">
<h1>Forecast Model Vertical Sounding<a class="headerlink" href="#forecast-model-vertical-sounding" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p><a class="reference external" href="http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/Unidata/python-awips/blob/master/examples/notebooks/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding.ipynb">Notebook</a>
The ModelSounding class allows us to create a vertical sounding through
any available AWIPS model with isobaric levels.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>A Shapely Point geometry is used to select longitude and latitude:
from shapely.geometry import Point point = Point(-104.67,39.87)</p></li>
<li><p>Parameters <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">['T','DpT','uW','vW']</span></code> are requested for all isobaric
levels available for the selected model.</p></li>
<li><p>There is a single-record query performed for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">level</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">&quot;0.0FHAG&quot;</span></code> to
determine the surface pressure level.</p></li>
<li><p>Pay attention to units when switching models. This notebook was
written for the NAM 40km AWIPS model where temperature and dewpoint
are returned as Kelvin and wind components as m/s.</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">%</span><span class="k">matplotlib</span> inline
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">awips.dataaccess</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ModelSounding</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">awips</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ThriftClient</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">metpy.plots</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">SkewT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Hodograph</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">metpy.units</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">units</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">inset_axes</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">math</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">sqrt</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">datetime</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">datetime</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">timedelta</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">shapely.geometry</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Polygon</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">shapely.wkb</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">timeit</span>
<span class="n">model</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;NAM40&quot;</span>
<span class="n">parms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">server</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;edex-cloud.unidata.ucar.edu&#39;</span>
<span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">changeEDEXHost</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">server</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># note the order is LON,lat and not lat,LON</span>
<span class="n">point</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Point</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">104.67</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mf">39.87</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">inc</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.005</span>
<span class="n">bbox</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">inc</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">polygon</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Polygon</span><span class="p">([(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]),(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]),(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]),</span>
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="n">bbox</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">])])</span>
<span class="c1"># Get latest forecast cycle run</span>
<span class="n">timeReq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">newDataRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;grid&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLocationNames</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cycles</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableTimes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">times</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableTimes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">fcstRun</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getForecastRun</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cycles</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">times</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Using &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">model</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; forecast time &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Using</span> <span class="n">NAM40</span> <span class="n">forecast</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[],[],[],[],[]</span>
<span class="n">use_parms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;P&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">use_level</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;0.0FHAG&quot;</span>
<span class="n">sndObject</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ModelSounding</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getSounding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_parms</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;0.0FHAG&quot;</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">timeRange</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]])</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">p</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;P&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">d</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">u</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">v</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Found surface record at &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;MB&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;sndObject returned empty for query [&quot;</span>
<span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="s2">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Found</span> <span class="n">surface</span> <span class="n">record</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mf">836.4</span><span class="n">MB</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Get isobaric levels with our requested parameters</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">newDataRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;grid&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">envelope</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLocationNames</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setParameters</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">availableLevels</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableLevels</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Clean levels list of unit string (MB, FHAG, etc.)</span>
<span class="n">levels</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">lvl</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">availableLevels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="s1">&#39;_&#39;</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># If this level is above (less than in mb) our 0.0FHAG record</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="n">levels</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Get Sounding</span>
<span class="n">sndObject</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ModelSounding</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getSounding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">timeRange</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]])</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;sndObject returned empty for query [&quot;</span>
<span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">model</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="s2">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">lvl</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parameters</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;T&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;DpT&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">d</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">u</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">v</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;WHAT IS THIS&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="c1"># Pressure is our requested level rather than a returned parameter</span>
<span class="n">p</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="c1"># convert to numpy.array()</span>
<span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mf">273.15</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">degC</span>
<span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mf">273.15</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">degC</span>
<span class="n">u</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m/s&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;knots&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m/s&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;knots&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Using &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; levels between &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; and &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;MB&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Using</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="n">levels</span> <span class="n">between</span> <span class="mf">836.4</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="mf">50.0</span><span class="n">MB</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<hr class="docutils" />
<div class="section" id="skew-t-log-p">
<h2>Skew-T/Log-P<a class="headerlink" href="#skew-t-log-p" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;figure.figsize&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">14</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Skew-T</span>
<span class="n">skew</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SkewT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rotation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;r&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;g&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_barbs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_dry_adiabats</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_moist_adiabats</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_mixing_lines</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linestyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Title</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">model</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; (&quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;) &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getRefTime</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="c1"># Hodograph</span>
<span class="n">ax_hod</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inset_axes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;40%&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;40%&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">h</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Hodograph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax_hod</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">component_range</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">magnitude</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_grid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">increment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_colormapped</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Dotted line at 0C isotherm</span>
<span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axvline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linestyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;-&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_5_0.png" src="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_5_0.png" />
</div>
<div class="section" id="model-sounding-comparison">
<h2>Model Sounding Comparison<a class="headerlink" href="#model-sounding-comparison" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">models</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">&quot;CMC&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;GFS20&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;NAM40&quot;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">parms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">modelName</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">models</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">timeReq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">newDataRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;grid&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLocationNames</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">cycles</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableTimes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">times</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableTimes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">timeReq</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">fcstRun</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getForecastRun</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cycles</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">times</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Using &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">modelName</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; forecast time &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[],[],[],[],[]</span>
<span class="n">use_parms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;P&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">use_level</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;0.0FHAG&quot;</span>
<span class="n">sndObject</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ModelSounding</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getSounding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_parms</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">timeRange</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]])</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">p</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;P&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">d</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">u</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="n">v</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Found surface record at &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;MB&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;sndObject returned empty for query [&quot;</span>
<span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">use_level</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="s2">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Get isobaric levels with our requested parameters</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">newDataRequest</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;grid&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">envelope</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setLocationNames</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setParameters</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;T&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;DpT&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">availableLevels</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DataAccessLayer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getAvailableLevels</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">levelReq</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Clean levels list of unit string (MB, FHAG, etc.)</span>
<span class="n">levels</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">lvl</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">availableLevels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">name</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="s1">&#39;_&#39;</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># If this level is above (less than in mb) our 0.0FHAG record</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">p</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="n">levels</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Get Sounding</span>
<span class="n">sndObject</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ModelSounding</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getSounding</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">timeRange</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">fcstRun</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]])</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">ValueError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;sndObject returned empty for query [&quot;</span>
<span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">&#39;, &#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">modelName</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">parms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">point</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="s2">&quot;]&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">lvl</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">parameters</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;T&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">t</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">&quot;DpT&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">d</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;uW&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">u</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">parm</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;vW&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">v</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;WHAT IS THIS&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sndObject</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_dataDict</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">parm</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="c1"># Pressure is our requested level rather than a returned parameter</span>
<span class="n">p</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lvl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;MB&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="c1"># convert to numpy.array()</span>
<span class="n">p</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">t</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mf">273.15</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">degC</span>
<span class="n">d</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mf">273.15</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">degC</span>
<span class="n">u</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m/s&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;knots&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">v</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">float</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">units</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;m/s&#39;</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;knots&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Using &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">levels</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; levels between &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; and &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="si">%.1f</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;MB&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Skew-T</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rcParams</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">&#39;figure.figsize&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">14</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SkewT</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rotation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;r&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">d</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;g&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_barbs</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">p</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_dry_adiabats</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_moist_adiabats</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_mixing_lines</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">linestyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Title</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span><span class="p">(</span> <span class="n">modelName</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot; (&quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">&quot;) &quot;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">time</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getRefTime</span><span class="p">()))</span>
<span class="c1"># Hodograph</span>
<span class="n">ax_hod</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inset_axes</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;40%&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">&#39;40%&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">loc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">h</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Hodograph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ax_hod</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">component_range</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">magnitude</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_grid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">increment</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">h</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot_colormapped</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">u</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Dotted line at 0C isotherm</span>
<span class="n">l</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">skew</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axvline</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;c&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linestyle</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;-&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Using</span> <span class="n">CMC</span> <span class="n">forecast</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="n">Found</span> <span class="n">surface</span> <span class="n">record</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mf">848.6</span><span class="n">MB</span>
<span class="n">Using</span> <span class="mi">19</span> <span class="n">levels</span> <span class="n">between</span> <span class="mf">848.6</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="mf">50.0</span><span class="n">MB</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_7_1.png" src="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_7_1.png" />
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Using</span> <span class="n">GFS20</span> <span class="n">forecast</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span> <span class="mi">18</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="n">Found</span> <span class="n">surface</span> <span class="n">record</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mf">848.1</span><span class="n">MB</span>
<span class="n">Using</span> <span class="mi">22</span> <span class="n">levels</span> <span class="n">between</span> <span class="mf">848.1</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="mf">100.0</span><span class="n">MB</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img alt="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_7_3.png" src="../../_images/Forecast_Model_Vertical_Sounding_7_3.png" />
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Using</span> <span class="n">NAM40</span> <span class="n">forecast</span> <span class="n">time</span> <span class="mi">2018</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">15</span> <span class="mi">18</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">00</span>
<span class="n">Found</span> <span class="n">surface</span> <span class="n">record</span> <span class="n">at</span> <span class="mf">837.7</span><span class="n">MB</span>
<span class="n">Using</span> <span class="mi">32</span> <span class="n">levels</span> <span class="n">between</span> <span class="mf">837.7</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="mf">50.0</span><span class="n">MB</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
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