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{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Shown here are plots for Base Reflectivity (N0Q, 94) and Base Velocity (N0U, 99) using AWIPS data rendered with Matplotlib, Cartopy, and MetPy. This example improves upon existing Level 3 Python rendering by doing the following:\n",
"\n",
"* Display scaled and labeled colorbar below each figure.\n",
"* Plot radar radial images as coordinate maps in Cartopy and label with lat/lon.\n",
"* 8 bit Z and V colormap and data scaling added to MetPy from operational AWIPS. \n",
"* Level 3 data are retrieved from the [Unidata EDEX Cloud server](http://unidata.github.io/awips2/docs/install/install-cave.html#how-to-run-cave) (`edex-cloud.unidata.ucar.edu`)\n",
"* Raw HDF5 byte data are converted to product values and scaled according to (page 3-34 https://www.roc.noaa.gov/wsr88d/PublicDocs/ICDS/2620001U.pdf)\n",
"\n",
" The threshold level fields are used to describe (up to) 256 levels as follows:\n",
" halfword 31 contains the minimum data value in m/s*10 (or dBZ*10)\n",
" halfword 32 contains the increment in m/s*10 (or dBZ*10)\n",
" halfword 33 contains the number of levels (0 - 255) \n",
"\n",
"According to the [ICD for the Product Specification](https://www.roc.noaa.gov/WSR88D/PublicDocs/NewTechnology/B17_2620003W_draft.pdf), *\"the 256 data levels of the digital product cover a range of reflectivity between -32.0 to +94.5 dBZ, in increments of 0.5 dBZ. Level codes 0 and 1 correspond to 'Below Threshold' and 'Range Folded', respectively, while level codes 2 through 255 correspond to the reflectivity data itself\"*.\n",
"\n",
"For AWIPS, the National Weather Service uses a mostly-blended color scale with a discrete jump to red at reflectivity values of 50 dBZ:\n",
" \n",
"\n",
"\n",
"50 dBZ corresponds to the 16-level color *light red* (**FF6060**). Note that `FF6060` is not used in the NWS AWIPS color scale, instead RGB value is given as `255,0,0` (hex code **FF0000**). 60 dBZ is not quite exactly where white starts, but it makes sense that it would. Obviously the AWIPS D2D authors took some liberties with their 256-level rendering, not adhering strictly to \"dark red\" for dBZ values between 60-65 (white was for 70 dBZ and above on the 16-level colormap). For this exercise we will assume 50 dBZ should be red and 60 dBZ white, and 75 dBZ cyan.\n",
"\n",
"**Python Script**\n",
"\n",
"Download this script as a [Jupyter Notebook](http://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/Unidata/python-awips/blob/master/examples/notebooks/NEXRAD_Level_3_Plot_with_Matplotlib.ipynb)."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"execution_count": 1,
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"name": "stdout",
"output_type": "stream",
"text": [
"Processed 2 grids.\n"
]
}
],
"source": [
"from awips.dataaccess import DataAccessLayer\n",
"from awips import ThriftClient, RadarCommon\n",
"from dynamicserialize.dstypes.com.raytheon.uf.common.time import TimeRange\n",
"from dynamicserialize.dstypes.com.raytheon.uf.common.dataplugin.radar.request import GetRadarDataRecordRequest\n",
"from datetime import datetime\n",
"from datetime import timedelta\n",
"import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
"import numpy as np\n",
"from numpy import ma\n",
"from metpy.plots import ctables\n",
"import cartopy.crs as ccrs\n",
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"from cartopy.feature import ShapelyFeature,NaturalEarthFeature\n",
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"from cartopy.mpl.gridliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER\n",
"\n",
"# set EDEX server and radar site definitions\n",
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"site = 'klgx'\n",
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"edexServer = 'edex-cloud.unidata.ucar.edu'\n",
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"DataAccessLayer.changeEDEXHost(edexServer)\n",
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"request = DataAccessLayer.newDataRequest()\n",
"request.setDatatype('radar')\n",
"request.setLocationNames(site)\n",
"\n",
"# Get latest time for site\n",
"datatimes = DataAccessLayer.getAvailableTimes(request)\n",
"dateTimeStr = str(datatimes[-1])\n",
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"#dateTimeStr = \"2017-02-02 03:53:03\"\n",
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"buffer = 60 # seconds\n",
"dateTime = datetime.strptime(dateTimeStr, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')\n",
"# Build timerange +/- buffer\n",
"beginRange = dateTime - timedelta(0, buffer)\n",
"endRange = dateTime + timedelta(0, buffer)\n",
"timerange = TimeRange(beginRange, endRange)\n",
"\n",
"# GetRadarDataRecordRequest to query site with timerange\n",
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"client = ThriftClient.ThriftClient(edexServer)\n",
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"request = GetRadarDataRecordRequest()\n",
"request.setTimeRange(timerange)\n",
"request.setRadarId(site)\n",
"\n",
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"political_boundaries = NaturalEarthFeature(category='cultural',\n",
" name='admin_0_boundary_lines_land',\n",
" scale='50m', facecolor='none')\n",
"states = NaturalEarthFeature(category='cultural',\n",
" name='admin_1_states_provinces_lines',\n",
" scale='50m', facecolor='none')\n",
"\n",
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"# Map config\n",
"def make_map(bbox, projection=ccrs.PlateCarree()):\n",
" fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 12),\n",
" subplot_kw=dict(projection=projection))\n",
" ax.set_extent(bbox)\n",
" ax.coastlines(resolution='50m')\n",
" gl = ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True)\n",
" gl.xlabels_top = gl.ylabels_right = False\n",
" gl.xformatter = LONGITUDE_FORMATTER\n",
" gl.yformatter = LATITUDE_FORMATTER\n",
" return fig, ax\n",
"\n",
"# ctable defines the colortable, beginning value, data increment\n",
"# * For N0Q the scale is -20 to +75 dBZ in increments of 0.5 dBZ\n",
"# * For N0U the scale is -100 to +100 kts in increments of 1 kt\n",
"nexrad = {}\n",
"nexrad[\"N0Q\"] = {\n",
" 'id': 94, \n",
" 'unit':'dBZ', \n",
" 'name':'0.5 deg Base Reflectivity', \n",
" 'ctable': ['NWSStormClearReflectivity',-20., 0.5], \n",
" 'res': 1000.,\n",
" 'elev': '0.5'\n",
"}\n",
"nexrad[\"N0U\"] = {\n",
" 'id': 99, \n",
" 'unit':'kts', \n",
" 'name':'0.5 deg Base Velocity', \n",
" 'ctable': ['NWS8bitVel',-100.,1.], \n",
" 'res': 250.,\n",
" 'elev': '0.5'\n",
"}\n",
"grids = []\n",
"for code in nexrad:\n",
" request.setProductCode(nexrad[code]['id'])\n",
" request.setPrimaryElevationAngle(nexrad[code]['elev'])\n",
" response = client.sendRequest(request)\n",
" \n",
" if response.getData():\n",
" for record in response.getData():\n",
" # Get record hdf5 data\n",
" idra = record.getHdf5Data()\n",
" rdat,azdat,depVals,threshVals = RadarCommon.get_hdf5_data(idra)\n",
" dim = rdat.getDimension()\n",
" lat,lon = float(record.getLatitude()),float(record.getLongitude())\n",
" radials,rangeGates = rdat.getSizes()\n",
" \n",
" # Convert raw byte to pixel value\n",
" rawValue=np.array(rdat.getByteData())\n",
" array = []\n",
" for rec in rawValue:\n",
" if rec<0:\n",
" rec+=256\n",
" array.append(rec)\n",
" \n",
" if azdat:\n",
" azVals = azdat.getFloatData()\n",
" az = np.array(RadarCommon.encode_radial(azVals))\n",
" dattyp = RadarCommon.get_data_type(azdat)\n",
" az = np.append(az,az[-1])\n",
"\n",
" header = RadarCommon.get_header(record, format, rangeGates, radials, azdat, 'description')\n",
" rng = np.linspace(0, rangeGates, rangeGates + 1)\n",
"\n",
" # Convert az/range to a lat/lon\n",
" from pyproj import Geod\n",
" g = Geod(ellps='clrk66')\n",
" center_lat = np.ones([len(az),len(rng)])*lat \n",
" center_lon = np.ones([len(az),len(rng)])*lon\n",
" az2D = np.ones_like(center_lat)*az[:,None]\n",
" rng2D = np.ones_like(center_lat)*np.transpose(rng[:,None])*nexrad[code]['res']\n",
" lons,lats,back=g.fwd(center_lon,center_lat,az2D,rng2D)\n",
" bbox = [lons.min(), lons.max(), lats.min(), lats.max()]\n",
" \n",
" # Create 2d array\n",
" multiArray = np.reshape(array, (-1, rangeGates))\n",
" data = ma.array(multiArray)\n",
" \n",
" # threshVals[0:2] contains halfwords 31,32,33 (min value, increment, num levels)\n",
" data = ma.array(threshVals[0]/10. + (multiArray)*threshVals[1]/10.)\n",
" \n",
" if nexrad[code]['unit'] == 'kts':\n",
" data[data<-63] = ma.masked\n",
" data *= 1.94384 # Convert to knots\n",
" else:\n",
" data[data<=((threshVals[0]/10.)+threshVals[1]/10.)] = ma.masked\n",
" \n",
" # Save our requested grids so we can render them multiple times\n",
" product = {\n",
" \"code\": code,\n",
" \"bbox\": bbox,\n",
" \"lats\": lats,\n",
" \"lons\": lons,\n",
" \"data\": data\n",
" }\n",
" grids.append(product)\n",
" \n",
"print(\"Processed \"+str(len(grids))+\" grids.\")"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Plot N0Q and N0U with Cartopy"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
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"execution_count": 2,
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"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"data": {
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"text/plain": [
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"<Figure size 864x864 with 2 Axes>"
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]
},
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"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
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"output_type": "display_data"
},
{
"data": {
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"image/png": "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"text/plain": [
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"<Figure size 864x864 with 2 Axes>"
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]
},
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"metadata": {
"needs_background": "light"
},
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"output_type": "display_data"
}
],
"source": [
"for rec in grids:\n",
" code = rec[\"code\"]\n",
" bbox = rec[\"bbox\"]\n",
" lats = rec[\"lats\"]\n",
" lons = rec[\"lons\"]\n",
" data = rec[\"data\"]\n",
" # Create figure\n",
" %matplotlib inline\n",
" fig, ax = make_map(bbox=bbox)\n",
" # Colortable filename, beginning value, increment\n",
" ctable = nexrad[code]['ctable'][0]\n",
" beg = nexrad[code]['ctable'][1]\n",
" inc = nexrad[code]['ctable'][2]\n",
"\n",
" norm, cmap = ctables.registry.get_with_steps(ctable, beg, inc)\n",
" cs = ax.pcolormesh(lons, lats, data, norm=norm, cmap=cmap)\n",
" ax.set_aspect('equal', 'datalim')\n",
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" ax.add_feature(political_boundaries, linestyle='-', edgecolor='black')\n",
" ax.add_feature(states, linestyle='-', edgecolor='black',linewidth=2)\n",
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"\n",
" cbar = plt.colorbar(cs, extend='both', shrink=0.75, orientation='horizontal')\n",
" cbar.set_label(site.upper()+\" \"+ str(nexrad[code]['res']/1000.) +\"km \" \\\n",
" +nexrad[code]['name']+\" (\"+code+\") \" \\\n",
" +nexrad[code]['unit']+\" \" \\\n",
" +str(record.getDataTime()))\n",
"\n",
" # Zoom to within +-2 deg of center\n",
" ax.set_xlim(lon-2., lon+2.)\n",
" ax.set_ylim(lat-2., lat+2.)\n",
"\n",
" plt.show()"
]
}
],
"metadata": {
"kernelspec": {
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"display_name": "Python 3",
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"language": "python",
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"name": "python3"
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},
"language_info": {
"codemirror_mode": {
"name": "ipython",
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"version": 3
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},
"file_extension": ".py",
"mimetype": "text/x-python",
"name": "python",
"nbconvert_exporter": "python",
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"pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
"version": "3.6.6"
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}
},
"nbformat": 4,
"nbformat_minor": 1
}
